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HOSA: Med Term Cardiovascular Part 3

Anatomy and Physiology40 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms and concepts related to cardiovascular medical terminology, including various types of anemia, heart conditions, diagnostic tests, and treatments.

define LEUKEMIA

cancer w/progressive increase in abnormal WBC in blood-forming tissues, organs, & blood
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
define LEUKEMIA
cancer w/progressive increase in abnormal WBC in blood-forming tissues, organs, & blood
define APLASTIC ANEMIA
no formed elements (leukopenia & thrombocytopenia)
describe IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
most common; not enough iron to make hemoglobin
cause: iron-deficiency anemia
blood loss, poor iron absorption, inadequate iron intake
describe MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
blood disorder w/symptom of anemia; RBCs bigger than normal
cause: megaloblastic anemia
deficiency of folic acid/vitamin B12

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TermDefinition
define LEUKEMIA
cancer w/progressive increase in abnormal WBC in blood-forming tissues, organs, & blood
define APLASTIC ANEMIA
no formed elements (leukopenia & thrombocytopenia)
describe IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
most common; not enough iron to make hemoglobin
cause: iron-deficiency anemia
blood loss, poor iron absorption, inadequate iron intake
describe MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
blood disorder w/symptom of anemia; RBCs bigger than normal
cause: megaloblastic anemia
deficiency of folic acid/vitamin B12
describe PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
lack protein intrinsic factor to absorb vitamin B12 --> vitamin B12 deficiency
define HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
inherited/acquired; not enough RBCs bc spleen destroying them too early
describe SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
inherited & recessive; RBCs malformed after giving up O2 --> lose flexibility & surface area for gas exchange
describe THALASSEMIA
inherited & common around Mediterrarian; mild/severe from low hemoglobin & RBCs
thalassemia is also called
Cooley's anemia
define ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
hypotension when standing
orthostatic hypotension is also called
postural hypotension
define FLUTTER/ATRIAL FLUTTER
atria beats faster than ventricles --> quivering
define PREMATURE VENTRICULAR CONTRACTIONS
extra, abnormal heartbeats that disrupt regular ventricular rhythm
define CARDIAC TAMPONADE
excess fluid in pericardium
define EDEMATOUS
swelling often associated w/insufficient function of LV
s/s: shock
agitation, anxiety, restlessness, confusion, cool/pale/clammy skin, cyanosis, chest pain, dizziness, lightheadedness
define SHOCK
peripheral blood flow insufficient to return to heart
define ANGIOGRAPHY
x-ray of blood vessels w/contrast
describe CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION (card cath/CC)
diagnostic & treatment; catheter in vein/artery to heart for angiographies, angioplasties, pressure readings, or take samples
define DUPLEX ULTRASOUND
capture blood vessels & flow of blood
define VENOGRAPHY
shows specific veins w/contrast
define ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY (EKG/ECG)
records electrical activity of myocardium
define HOLTER MONITOR
portable ECG on ambulatory patient over 24-48 hr period to diagnose arrhythmia
define STRESS TEST
see cardiovascular health & function while on treadmill/injected with meds to increase bpm
define THALLIUM STRESS TEST
how well blood flows thru coronary arteries during exercise
describe DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY/DOPPLER ULTRASOUND
measure blood flow & BP; sound waves bounce off RBCs
define ECHOCARDIOGRAM
ultrasound visualize internal structure
echocardiogram is also called
multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan
define APHERESIS
separate blood into components to remove toxic substances/autoantibodies or harvest blood cells
define COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
determine # of formed elements including hematocrit & WBC differential
define TYPE & CROSSMATCH
check blood type compatibility
define NUCLEAR VENTRICULOGRAPHY
tracer injected to make images of LV & RV to measure volume of blood pumped by ventricles
define POSITION EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY SCAN
tracer look for disease/poor blood flow in heart or brain
what can diagnose heart damage, scar tissue, CVA, Alzheimer's & epilepsy
PET scan
define ANTIPHYPERTENSIVE
lower BP
define ACE INHIBITOR
blocks action of angiotensin II contracting blood vessel to treat hypertension & heart failure
ACE inhibitor is also known as
angiotensin-converting enzyme
describe BETA BLOCKER
decrease workload of heart by slowing bpm; treats hypertension, angina, heart failure, heart rhythm disorders, migraines, panic attacks, & tremors