Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Med Term Nervous/Special Senses Part 2

HOSA: Med Term Nervous/Special Senses Part 2

Anatomy and Physiology50 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms and concepts related to the nervous system and special senses, focusing on anatomical structures and their functions.

midbrain & pons

conduction pathways to & from high & low brain centers on brain stem that respond to visual & auditory stimuli & reflexes of eyes & head
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
midbrain & pons
conduction pathways to & from high & low brain centers on brain stem that respond to visual & auditory stimuli & reflexes of eyes & head
define MEDULLA OBLONGATA
lowest part of brain stem, connected to stem that controls basic survival
define SPINAL CORD
long, fragile & tube like structure surrounded & protected by CSF & meninges
define AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
controls involves involuntary actions & consists of sympathetic & parasympathetic
describe SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
prepares for emergencies & stress; reaction to real or imaginary danger
define PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
returns body to normal after stress & maintains normal function

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TermDefinition
midbrain & pons
conduction pathways to & from high & low brain centers on brain stem that respond to visual & auditory stimuli & reflexes of eyes & head
define MEDULLA OBLONGATA
lowest part of brain stem, connected to stem that controls basic survival
define SPINAL CORD
long, fragile & tube like structure surrounded & protected by CSF & meninges
define AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
controls involves involuntary actions & consists of sympathetic & parasympathetic
describe SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
prepares for emergencies & stress; reaction to real or imaginary danger
define PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
returns body to normal after stress & maintains normal function
define COGNITION
mental activities w/memory, thinking, & learning
define ADNEXA OF EYES
structures outside eyeball including orbit, eye muscles, eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva, & lacrimal apparatus
aka: adnexa of the eyes
adenxa oculi
define ORBIT
bony cavity containing & protecting eyeball
aka: orbit
eye socket
define EYE MUSCLES
3 pairs to create wide range of movement (superior & inferior oblique & rectus + lateral & medial rectus)
define BINOCULAR VISION
both eyes work together to create 3D depth perception
define CANTHUS
angle upper & lower eyelids meet
define CILIA
small hairs of brows & lashes
define TARSUS
framework within upper & lower eyelid to create its stiffness & shape
aka: tarsus
tarsal plate
define CONJUNCTIVA
transparent mucous membrane lining underside of eyelids acting as protective covering over exposed eye surface
describe LACRIMAL APPARATUS
produce, store, & remove tears; consists of glands, fluid, canal, sac & duct
aka: lacrimal apparatus
tear apparatus
define LACRIMAL GLANDS
secretes tears
describe LACRIMAL FLUID
tears; maintain eye moisture
define LACRIMAL CANAL
duct @ inner corner of eye that collects tears & empty into lacrimal sacs
define LACRIMAL SAC
enlargement of upper part of lacrimal duct
aka: lacrimal sac
tear sac
define LACRIMAL DUCT
drains excess tears into nose
aka: lacrimal duct
nasolacrimal duct
define EYEBALL
1 in sphere w/ only 1/6 visible
aka: eyeball
globe
define SCLERA
maintains shape & protects inner layers of eye
aka: sclera
white of the eye
define CHOROID
opaque middle layer w/lots of blood vessels
aka: choroid
choroid coat
define RETINA
sensitive innermost layer that receives impulses & transmits to brain
describe AQUEOUS HUMOR
fluid filling posterior & anterior chambers of eye to maintain eye shape & nourish intraocular; is constantly filtered & drained
aka: aqueous humor
aqueous fluid
define ANTERIOR CHAMBER OF THE EYE
between cornea & iris
define POSTERIOR CHAMBER
between iris & lens
define INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE
measurement of fluid pressure in eye regulated by rate of aqueous humor leaving eye
define POSTERIOR SEGMENT
2/3 eye from lens to rest of eye lined w.retina & filled w/vitreous humor
aka: vitreous humor
vitreous gel
define VITREOUS HUMOR
soft, clear jelly-like mass w/millions of fine fibers attached to retina surface to maintain shape
describe RODS & CONES
receive images passed thru lens; rods = black & white; cones = color
define MACULA
clearly defined light-sensitive area center of retina where vision sharpest
aka: macula
macula lutea
define FOVEA CENTRALIS
pit in middle of macula where color vision best (no rods)
describe OPTIC DISK
where nerve endings enter optic nerves; blind bc there are no cones or rods
aka: optic disk
blind spot
define OPTIC NERVE
transmits impulses from retina to brain
define UVEA
pigmented layer of eye consisting of choroid, ciliary body, & iris