Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Med Term Nervous/Special Senses Part 3
HOSA: Med Term Nervous/Special Senses Part 3
This deck covers medical terminology related to the nervous system and special senses, focusing on the anatomy and functions of the eye and ear, as well as common conditions and symptoms.
describe CILIARY BODY
in choroid that makes aqueous humor; made of muscles & suspensory ligaments to adjust thickness of lens to focus
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
describe CILIARY BODY
in choroid that makes aqueous humor; made of muscles & suspensory ligaments to adjust thickness of lens to focus
define IRIS
colorful structure surrounding pupil that controls amnt of light entering (low = constrict & high = dilate)
define CORNEA
transparent outer surface of eye over iris & pupil that is primary structure for light focus
define PUPIL
opening of eye to permit light
define LENS
clear, flexible, curved structure in clear capsule that focuses images on retina
define ACCOMMODATION
eyes make adjustments for seeing @ distances through contraction, dilation, eye movement, & change lens shape
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
describe CILIARY BODY | in choroid that makes aqueous humor; made of muscles & suspensory ligaments to adjust thickness of lens to focus |
define IRIS | colorful structure surrounding pupil that controls amnt of light entering (low = constrict & high = dilate) |
define CORNEA | transparent outer surface of eye over iris & pupil that is primary structure for light focus |
define PUPIL | opening of eye to permit light |
define LENS | clear, flexible, curved structure in clear capsule that focuses images on retina |
define ACCOMMODATION | eyes make adjustments for seeing @ distances through contraction, dilation, eye movement, & change lens shape |
define CONVERGENCE | simultaneous inward movement of eyes toward each other to create single binocular vision as the object moves closer |
define EMMETROPIA | relationship between refraction & eye shape to focus light on retina |
define REFRACTION | lens' ability to bend light rays to focus on retina |
aka: refraction | refractive power |
define VISUAL ACUITY | ability to distinguish details & shape @ distance tested w/Snellen chart (can detect hyperopia & myopia) |
aka: pinna | auricle or outer ear |
define PINNA | external part of ear that captures sound waves & transmits to auditory canal |
define EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL | transmits sounds from pinna to eardrum |
describe CERUMEN | earwax; traps small insects, dust, debris, & bacteria |
describe MIDDLE EAR | transmits sounds between outer & inner ear; houses auditory ossicles & eustachain tubes |
define TYMPANIC MEMBRANE | between outer & middle ear that transmits sounds by vibrating |
aka: tympanic membrane | eardrum |
define MASTOID PROCESS | temporal bone w/hollow air space surrounding middle ear |
describe AUDITORY OSSICLES | 3 small bones in middle ear that transmit sound from eardrum to inner ear; malleus/hammer, anvil/incus, stapes/stirrup |
define EUSTACHIAN TUBES | narrow tubes from middle ear to nasal & throat to equalise air pressure |
aka: eustachian tubes | auditory tubes |
describe INNER EAR | houses receptors for hearing & balance; its structures are called the labyrinth |
the labyrinth of the ear consists of what | oval window + Cochlea (+ all that it houses) |
define OVAL WINDOW | opening near vestibule under base of stapes that connects/separates middle from inner ear & vibrations enter here |
aka: oval window | fenestra ovalis |
describe COCHLEA | vibrations lead to nerve impulses; houses cochlear duct, organ of Corti, 3 semicircular canals, & acoustic nerves |
define ORGAN OF CORTI | receive vibrations from cochlear duct & relay to auditory nerve fibers that transmit to auditory center of brain for interpretation |
describe SEMICIRCULAR CANALS | connected to cochlea by vestibule & has endolymph liquid & hair cells; hair bends w/movement to maintain equilibrium |
define ACOUSTIC NERVES (cranial nerve VIII) | transmit cochlear (hearing) & vestibular (balance) |
describe ROUND WINDOW | opening in middle ear leading to cochlea that allows displacement of fluids in cochlea; the movement of tiny hairs create hearing |
aka: round window | fenestra rotunda |
define AIR CONDUCTION | waves enter thru pinna & strike eardrum |
define BONE CONDUCTION | eardrum vibrates causing auditory ossicles to vibrate causing transmission to oval window |
define SENSORINEURAL CONDUCTION | sound vibration reach inner ear & relayed to auditory nerve |
define MYELOPATHY | any injury/degeneration/disease in spinal cord |
define CEPHALALGIA | headache |
define MIGRAINE HEADACHE + s/s | throbbing pain on 1 side of headache sometimes w/warning aura common in women; s/s: nausea, vomiting, light/sound sensitivity |
define CLUSTER HEADACHES + s/s | intense painful headache on 1 side of head generally in men & repeat in groups; s/s: tearing of eyes & nasal congestion |
define ENCEPHALOCELE | congenital herniation of brain tissue thru skull gap |