Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Med Term Respiratory Part 1
HOSA: Med Term Respiratory Part 1
This deck covers key terms and concepts related to the respiratory system, including anatomical structures, functions, and common diseases.
describe PARANASAL SINUSES
air-filled cavities w/mucous membranes near bones of skull to make head lighter, give resonance to voice, & make mucus for lubrication; 4 pairs (frontal, sphenoid, maxillary, ethmoid)
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
describe PARANASAL SINUSES
air-filled cavities w/mucous membranes near bones of skull to make head lighter, give resonance to voice, & make mucus for lubrication; 4 pairs (front...
describe FRONTAL PARANASAL SINUSES
frontal bone above eyebrows; infection leads to severe pain
describe SPHENOID PARANASAL SINUSES
behind eye under pituitary close to optic nerve; infection leads to vision damage
describe MAXILLARY PARANASAL SINUSES
largest; under eyes; infection leads to pain posterior maxillary teeth
describe ETHMOID PARANASAL SINUSES
between nose & eyes; irregular shaped air cells thinly separated from orbital cavity
describe the PHARYNX
takes air & food; 3 parts (nasopharynx, oropharynx, & laryngopharynx)
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
describe PARANASAL SINUSES | air-filled cavities w/mucous membranes near bones of skull to make head lighter, give resonance to voice, & make mucus for lubrication; 4 pairs (frontal, sphenoid, maxillary, ethmoid) |
describe FRONTAL PARANASAL SINUSES | frontal bone above eyebrows; infection leads to severe pain |
describe SPHENOID PARANASAL SINUSES | behind eye under pituitary close to optic nerve; infection leads to vision damage |
describe MAXILLARY PARANASAL SINUSES | largest; under eyes; infection leads to pain posterior maxillary teeth |
describe ETHMOID PARANASAL SINUSES | between nose & eyes; irregular shaped air cells thinly separated from orbital cavity |
describe the PHARYNX | takes air & food; 3 parts (nasopharynx, oropharynx, & laryngopharynx) |
aka: pharynx | the throat |
define the NASOPHARYNX | posterior to nasal cavity down behind mouth |
define the OROPHARYNX | visible thru mouth between soft palate & epiglottis passing air & food to laryngopharynx |
define the LARYNGOPHARYNX | after oropharynx; where food & air separate |
describe the TRACHEA | transport air; in front of esophagus; has flexible C shaped cartilage rings to open tube |
aka: trachea | windpipe |
define the BRONCHI | branches from trachea |
aka: bronchi | primary bronchi or bronchial tree |
define the ALVEOLI | surrounded by pulmonary cavities for O2 & CO2 exchange & make surfactant for stability |
aka: alveoli | air sacs |
describe the RIGHT LUNG | larger; 3 lobes (upper, middle, lower) |
describe the LEFT LUNG | 2 lobes (upper & lower) |
define MEDIASTINUM | space between lungs |
define PLEURA | thin, moist, & slippery membrane outside lungs & inside thoracic cavity |
describe the PARIETAL PLEURA | outer layer lining walls of thoracic cavity, covers diaphragm, & forms lung sacs; attaches to chest wall |
define VISCERAL PLEURA | inner layer that covers & attaches to lungs |
define PLEURAL CAVITY | thin fluid filled area between parietal & visceral pleura for lubrication |
aka: pleural cavity | pleural space |
define PHRENIC NERVES | stimulate diaphragm to contract |
what 2 things consist respiration | 1 inhale + 1 exhale |
define EXTERNAL RESPIRATION | breathing |
define INTERNAL RESPIRATION | cellular gas exchange |
describe INHALATION | diaphragm contracts & moves down for expansion & the created negative pressure draws air in |
describe EXHALATION | diaphragm relaxes & moves up to increase pressure |
define ADENOIDS | mass of gland-like lymphoid tissues @ back of upper pharynx |
describe CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) | group of disease that obstruct bronchial air flow; s/s: persistent dypnea w/exerition, chronic cough, <50% normal inspiratory capacity |
define CHRONIC BRONCHITIS | airways inflamed from irritants |
describe EMPHYSEMA | progressive long term loss of lung function with decrease in # of alveoli making it harder to breathe & expand; alveoli also abnormally big in size & lose elasticity leading to SOB & impaired heart function |
define AIRWAY INFLAMMATION | bronchi swell & clog w/mucus gen after allergies |
define BRONCHOSPASM | spasm of smooth muscles in bronchi walls |
describe UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION | caused by any of 200 viruses; inflammation of respiratory mucous membranes |
aka: upper respiratory infection | acute nasopharyngitis, common cold or rhinopharyngitis |
describe ALLERGIC RHINITIS | allergic disease of mucous membranes in nose & upper respiratory bc of exposure to pollen/allergenic substance |
describe NONALLERGENIC RHINITIS | not caused by allergen; ex) cold air, meds, spicy food |
aka: allergic rhinitis | allergy for airborne allerge or hay fever |
describe CROUP | acute respiratory infection in kids & infants; s/s: larynx obstruction, hoarseness, swelling of vocal cords, bark cough, stridor |
define STRIDOR | harsh & high pitch sound from blockage |
define EPISTAXIS | nose bleed |
cause: epistaxis | dry air, medication, high blood pressure |
describe INFLUENZA | acute, highly contagious viral infection spread via droplets; s/s: respiratory inflammation, fever, chills, muscle pain |
describe PERTUSSIS | contagious bacterial infection of upper respiratory; s/s: recurrent paroxysmal cough, breathlessness, noisy inspiration; preventable w/vaccine (DTap/Tdap) |
describe RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) | common & highly contagious viral infection spread via droplets; gen mild & cold like; can lead to bronchiolitis |
describe RHINORRHEA | runny nose |
aka: pharyngitis | sore throat |