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HOSA: Med Term Skeletal Part 1
This flashcard deck covers key medical terminology related to the skeletal system, including definitions, descriptions, and synonyms for various bones, joints, and conditions.
define CRANIUM
portion of skull that encloses brain
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
define CRANIUM
portion of skull that encloses brain
define INTERSTITIAL
between parts of tissue
define SUBCOSTAL
below supracostal ribs
define SUPRACOSTAL
above/outside ribs
describe COMPACT BONE
dense, hard, & very strong protective outer layer of bone; >75% body bone matter by weight
aka: compact bone
cortical bone
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
define CRANIUM | portion of skull that encloses brain |
define INTERSTITIAL | between parts of tissue |
define SUBCOSTAL | below supracostal ribs |
define SUPRACOSTAL | above/outside ribs |
describe COMPACT BONE | dense, hard, & very strong protective outer layer of bone; >75% body bone matter by weight |
aka: compact bone | cortical bone |
define SPONGY BONE | porous bone w/red marrow |
aka: spongy bone | cancellous bone |
define MEDULLARY CAVITY | central cavity in shaft of long bones surrounded by commpact |
define ENDOSTEUM | tissue lining medullary cavity |
describe CARTILAGE | shock absorber; smooth, rubbery, & blue white connective tissue; more elastic & flexible than bone |
describe ARTICULAR CARTILAGE | covers surface of bones that articulate @ joints |
define MENISCUS | curved, fibrous cartilage found in some joint (knee & TMJ) |
describe FIBROUS JOINTS | inflexible layers of connective holding bones tight; little to no movement; ex: sutures |
define CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS | slight movement via cartilage |
define SYNOVIAL JOINT | variety of motion; 6 types |
define SYNOVIAL CAPSULE | outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue resembling sleeve surrounding joint |
define SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE | lines capsule & secretes synovial fluid |
define BURSA | fibrous sack that cush areas from friction where tendon passes over bone |
describe the AXIAL SKELETON | skull & spine; protection; 80 bones |
describe the APPENDICULAR SKELETON | movement & protection; 126 bones |
list the auditory ossicles | stapes, malleus, incus |
which ribs are true ribs | 1-7 |
which ribs are false ribs | 8-10 |
which ribs are floating ribs | 11-12 |
define MANUBRIUM | bony upper part of sternum |
body of sternum is also called | gladiolus |
aka: pectoral girdle | shoulder girdle |
define ACROMION | extension of scapula creating high pnt of shoulder |
define OLECRANON | large, proximal tip of ulna forming pnt of elbow & exposes nerve |
aka: olecranon | funny bone |
describe LAMINA | posterior part of vertebrae; transverse & spinous processes for attachments |
define SACROILIAC | slightly movable between sacrum & posterior part of ilium |
define CRUCIATE LIGAMENTS | anterior & posterior ligaments of knee making movement possible |
define MALLEOLUS | rounded bony projection on tibia & fibula @ sides of ankles |
define TALUS | ankle bone articulate w/tibia & fibula |
define ANKYLOSIS | loss/absence of mobility in joint bc adhesion |
define ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS | painful ankylosis of shoulder |
adhesive capsulitis is also called | frozen shoulder |
define ARTHROSCLEROSIS | stiffness of joint |
define BAKER'S CYST | fluid filled sack behind knee bc of condition causing excess synovial fluid |
aka: baker's cyst | popliteal cyst |
define COSTOCHONDRITIS | inflammation of cartilage in ribs |
define HALLUX VALGUS | abnormal enlargement of joint @ base of big toe |
cause: hallux valgus | hereditary structural defect, arthritis, poor footwear |
aka: hallux valgus | bunion |
define HEMARTHROSIS | blood in joint |
cause: hemarthrosis | joint injury, spontaneous when taking blood thinning medication/have blood clot disorder |
describe POLYMYALGIA RHEUMATICA (PMR) | inflammatory disorder of muscles & joints; stiffness in neck, shoulders, upper arms, thighs, & hips |
define SYNOVITIS | inflammation of synovial membrane |