Anatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 2 Part 2
HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 2 Part 2
This deck covers key medical terminology from Chapter 2, Part 2 of HOSA's 2016 curriculum, including anatomical regions, cellular biology, and genetic concepts.
Lumb-
lower back
Tap to flip
Space↑↓
←→Navigate
SSpeak
FFocus
1/40
Key Terms
Term
Definition
Lumb-
lower back
Hover to peek or log in to view all
Lumbar
describes the part of the back between the ribs and the pelvis
Hover to peek or log in to view all
Umbilical region
surrounds the umbilicus. Pit in the center of the abdominal wall marks the point where the umbilical cord was attached before birth
Umbilicus
belly button/naval
Right/Left Iliac region
located over the hipbones
Hypogastric region
located below the stomach
Hover to peek or log in to view all
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Lumb- | lower back |
Lumbar | describes the part of the back between the ribs and the pelvis |
Umbilical region | surrounds the umbilicus. Pit in the center of the abdominal wall marks the point where the umbilical cord was attached before birth |
Umbilicus | belly button/naval |
Right/Left Iliac region | located over the hipbones |
Hypogastric region | located below the stomach |
RUQ | right upper quadrant (abdomen) |
LUQ | left upper quadrant (abdomen) |
RLQ | right lower quadrant (abdomen) |
LLQ | left lower quadrant (abdomen) |
Peritoneum | multilayered membrane that protects and holds organs in place within the abdominal cavity |
Parietal Peritoneum | outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal cavity |
Parietal | cavity wall |
Mesentery | fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that's attaches part of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall |
Visceral Peritoneum | Inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity |
Visceral | relating to internal organs |
Retroperitoneal | located behind the peritoneum {ex. location of the kidneys is retroperitoneal with one on each side of the spinal cord} |
Retro- | behind |
Periton- | Peritoneal |
Peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneal |
Cell membrane | tissue that surrounds and protects the contents of the cell by separating it from its external environment |
Stem cells | unspecialized cells that can renew themselves for a long time through cell division. (In contrast to other cells that have specialized roles and die after a determined lifespan) |
Adult (somatic) stem cells | undifferentiated cells found amongst differentiated cells in an organ or tissue (role is to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found) |
Undifferentiated | no special function or structure |
Differentiated | specialized function or structure |
Hemopoietic | blood forming tissue of a donors bone marrow (where the cells are harvested when they are being transplanted from one individual to another) |
Graft-Versus-Host Disease | possibility of rejection of transplanted tissue known as this (occurs when there is not an excellent match between donor and recipient) |
Embryonic Stem cells | Undifferentiated cells, ability to form any adult cell Proliferate indefinitely does not require a perfect donor recipient match (cells are more primitive) |
Cord blood | found in umbilical cord and placenta of newborn, embryonic cells harvested from cord blood {harvested at time of birth with no harm to mother or child, frozen and kept until later for treatment purposes} |
Gene | fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity (control hereditary disorders, all physical traits- hair, skin, eye colour) |
Genetics | study of how genes are transferred from parents to their children + role of genes in health and disease |
Gene | producing |
Dominant gene | inherited from either parent, the offspring WILL inherit that genetic condition or characteristic {ex. freckles} |
Recessive gene | when the SAME recessive gene is inherited from both parents, the offspring WILL have that condition; when the recessive gene is inherited from only one parent and a normal gene from the other parent the offspring WILL NOT have the condition; Although the child themselves does not have the condition, they have the trait. The trait can then be transmitted to their offspring |
Genome | complete set of genetic information of an organism |
Chromosomes | genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell | made up of DNA molecules containing the body's genes {each chromosome contains about 100 000 genes} |
Somatic cell | any cell in the body that is not a gamete; contain 46 chromosomes arranged into 23 pairs; 22 identical pairs 9the 23rd is the sex determination chromosome) |
Somatic | pertaining to the body in general |
Gamete | only type of cell that does not contain 46 chromosomes. | Instead each ovum or sperm has 23 single chromosomes |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid found in the nucleus of all cells EXCEPT erythrocytes {because they do not have a nucleus} |