Anatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 3 Part 4
HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 3 Part 4
This deck covers key medical terminology related to the skeletal system, including vertebrae, bones, and related medical professions.
Cervical
pertaining to neck
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Cervical
pertaining to neck
cervical vertebrae
are the first set of | 7 vertebrae, and they form the neck.
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thoracic vertebrae
known as T1 through T12, are the second set of 12 vertebrae Each of these vertebra has a pair of ribs attached to it, and together they form the outwa...
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Lumbar vertebrae
known as L1 through L5, make up the third set of 5 vertebrae, and together they form the inward curve of the lower spine. These are the largest and st...
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Lumbar
means relating to the part of the back and | sides between the ribs and the pelvis
Sacrum
is the slightly curved, triangular-shaped bone near the base of the spine that forms the lower portion of the back. At birth, the sacrum is composed o...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Cervical | pertaining to neck |
cervical vertebrae | are the first set of | 7 vertebrae, and they form the neck. |
thoracic vertebrae | known as T1 through T12, are the second set of 12 vertebrae Each of these vertebra has a pair of ribs attached to it, and together they form the outward curve of the spine. Thoracic means pertaining to the thoracic cavity. |
Lumbar vertebrae | known as L1 through L5, make up the third set of 5 vertebrae, and together they form the inward curve of the lower spine. These are the largest and strongest of the vertebrae, and they bear most of the body’s weight. |
Lumbar | means relating to the part of the back and | sides between the ribs and the pelvis |
Sacrum | is the slightly curved, triangular-shaped bone near the base of the spine that forms the lower portion of the back. At birth, the sacrum is composed of five separate bones; however in the young child, they fuse together to form a single bone |
Coccyx OR Tailbone | forms the end of the spine and is actually made | up of four small vertebrae that are fused together. |
Pelvic girdle OR Pelvis OR Hips | protects internal organs and supports the lower extremities. The pelvis is a cup-shaped ring of bone at the lower end of the trunk, and it consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis |
Ilium | is the broad blade-shaped | bone that forms the back and sides of the pubic bone |
Sacroiliac | is the slightly movable articulation between the sacrum and posterior portion of the ilium |
sacr/o | sacrum |
Ischium | which forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone, bears the weight of the body when sitting. |
Pubis | which forms the anterior portion of | the pubic bone, is located just below the urinary bladder |
Pubic symphysis | cartilaginous joint that unites the left and right pubic bones. A cartilaginous joint allows slight movement between bones. |
Acetabulum OR Hip socket | is the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint |
Femur OR Thigh bones | largest bones in the body The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum (hip socket). |
Femoral neck | is the narrow area just below the | head of the femur. |
Patella OR Kneecap | is the bony anterior portion of the knee. |
Popliteal | describes the posterior space behind the knee where the ligaments, vessels, and muscles related to this joint are located |
Cruciate ligaments | make possible the movements of the knee. These are known as the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments because they are shaped like a cross. |
Tibia OR Shinbone | is | the larger anterior weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. |
Fibula | smaller of the two bones in the lower leg |
Tarsal | seven short ones make up the ankles {similar to the bones of the wrist} |
Malleous | is a rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint (plural, malleoli). |
Talus | is the ankle bone that | articulates with the tibia and fibula |
Calcaneus OR Heel bone | largest of the tarsal bones |
Metatarsals | five make up the part of the foot where the toes are attached |
Chiropractor | holds a Doctor of Chiropractic (DC) degree and specializes in the manipulative treatment of disorders originating from misalignment of the spine |
Manipulative treatment | involves manually adjusting the positions of the bones |
orthopedic surgeon | is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles |