Anatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 5 Part 1
HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 5 Part 1
This deck covers key medical terminology related to the cardiovascular system, including terms for blood vessels, heart anatomy, and blood flow processes.
angi/o
blood or lymph vessel
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
angi/o
blood or lymph vessel
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aort/o
aorta
arteri/o
artery
ather/o
plaque, fatty substance
brady-
slow
cardi/o
heart
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
angi/o | blood or lymph vessel |
aort/o | aorta |
arteri/o | artery |
ather/o | plaque, fatty substance |
brady- | slow |
cardi/o | heart |
-crasia | a mixture or blending |
-emia | blood, blood condition |
erythr/o | red |
hem/o, hemat/o | blood relating to blood |
leuk/o | white |
phleb/o | vein |
tachy- | fast, rapid |
thromb/o | clot |
ven/o | vein |
epicardium | is the external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium |
myocardium | is the middle and thickest of the heart’s three layers (my/o means muscle, cardi means heart, and -um is a singular noun ending). Also known as myocardial muscle, this consists of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that is capable of the constant contraction and relaxation of this muscle that creates the pumping movement that is necessary to maintain the flow of blood throughout the body. |
endocardium | which consists of epithelial tissue, is the inner lining of the heart This is the surface that comes into direct contact with the blood as it is being pumped through the heart. |
atria | are the two upper chambers of the heart, and these chambers are divided by interatrial septum. (A septum is a wall that separates two chambers.) In The atria are the receiving chambers, and all blood enters the heart through these chambers. The singular form of atria is atrium. |
Ventricles | are the two lower chambers of the heart, and these chambers are divided by the interventricular septum. In The walls of the ventricles are thicker than those of the atria because the ventricles must pump blood throughout the entire body. In The term ventricle is also defined as a normal hollow chamber of the brain |
pulmonary | pertaining to lungs |
tricuspid | having 3 cups (3 points) |
Blood flow through heart | The right atrium (RA) receives oxygen-poor blood from all tissues, except the lungs, through the superior and inferior venae cavae. Blood flows out of the RA through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle (RV) pumps the oxygen-poor blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs. The left atrium (LA) receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins. The blood flows out of the LA, through the mitral valve, and into the left ventricle. The left ventricle (LV) receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium. Blood flows out of the LV through the aortic semilunar valve and into the aorta, which carries it to all parts of the body, except the lungs. Oxygen-poor blood is returned by the venae cavae to the right atrium, and the cycle continues. |
sinoatrial node | which is often referred to as the SA node, is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava (Figure 5.7). In The SA node establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heartbeat. For this reason, it is known as the natural pacemaker of the heart. In Electrical impulses from the SA node start each wave of muscle contraction in the heart. |
Atrioventricular node | SA node travel to The AV node is located on the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum (Figure 5.7). From here, it transmits the electrical impulses onward to the bundle of His. |