Anatomy and Physiology /HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 5 Part 2
HOSA: Medical Terminology 2016 Chapter 5 Part 2
This deck covers key medical terminology related to the cardiovascular system, blood components, and related conditions from Chapter 5 Part 2 of the HOSA 2016 curriculum.
Bundle of His
is a group of fibers located within the interventricular septum. These fibers carry an electrical impulse to ensure the sequence of the heart contractions (Figure 5.7). These electrical impulses travel onward to the right and left ventricles and the Purkinje fibers
Tap to flip
Space↑↓
←→Navigate
SSpeak
FFocus
1/30
Key Terms
Term
Definition
Bundle of His
is a group of fibers located within the interventricular septum. These fibers carry an electrical impulse to ensure the sequence of the heart contract...
Hover to peek or log in to view all
Purkinje fibres
are specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles. These fibers relay the electrical impulses to the cells of the ventricle...
capillaries
which are only one epithelial cell in thickness, are the smallest blood vessels in the body. The capillaries form networks of expanded vascular beds t...
Hover to peek or log in to view all
Veins
form a low-pressure collecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart (Figures 5.10 through 5.12). In Venules (VEN-youls) are the smallest ve...
Hover to peek or log in to view all
venae cavea
largest veins, return blood into heart
systole
contraction of the heart
Hover to peek or log in to view all
Related Flashcard Decks
Study Tips
- Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
- Review cards regularly to improve retention
- Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
- Share this deck with friends to study together
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Bundle of His | is a group of fibers located within the interventricular septum. These fibers carry an electrical impulse to ensure the sequence of the heart contractions (Figure 5.7). These electrical impulses travel onward to the right and left ventricles and the Purkinje fibers |
Purkinje fibres | are specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles. These fibers relay the electrical impulses to the cells of the ventricles, and it is this stimulation that causes the ventricles to contract. This contraction of the ventricles forces blood out of the heart and into the aorta and pulmonary arteries |
capillaries | which are only one epithelial cell in thickness, are the smallest blood vessels in the body. The capillaries form networks of expanded vascular beds that have the important role of delivering oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the tissues (Figure 5.11). In The capillaries further slow the flow of blood to allow plasma to flow into the tissues. It is here that the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste materials occur within the surrounding cells. In After leaving the cells, 90% of this fluid, which is now oxygen poor and contains some waste products, enter the opposite end of the capillary bed through the venules. In The 10% of this fluid that is left behind in the tissues becomes lymph. |
Veins | form a low-pressure collecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart (Figures 5.10 through 5.12). In Venules (VEN-youls) are the smallest veins that join to form the larger veins. In The walls of the veins are thinner and less elastic than those of the arteries. In The venous blood continues its flow at an increased speed as it continues its return journey to the heart. Venous means relating to, or contained in, the veins. In Veins have valves that enable blood to flow only toward the heart and to prevent it from flowing away from the heart (Figure 5.12). In Superficial veins are located near the body surface. In Deep veins are located within the tissues and away from the body surface. |
venae cavea | largest veins, return blood into heart |
systole | contraction of the heart |
diastole | relaxation of the heart |
serum | plasma fluid after the blood cells | and the clotting proteins have been removed. |
fibrinogen | are the clotting proteins found in plasma. They have an important role in clot formation to control bleeding |
neutrophils | which are formed in red bone marrow, are the most common type of WBC. Through phagocytosis, neutrophils play a major role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi |
Phagocytosis | is the process of destroying pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them |
Basophils | which are also formed in red bone marrow, are the least common type of WBC. Basophils are responsible for causing the symptoms of allergies |
Eosinophils | are formed in red bone marrow and then migrate to tissues throughout the body. Here these cells destroy parasitic organisms and play a major role in allergic reactions |
Lymphocytes | are formed in red bone marrow, in lymph nodes, and in the spleen. Lymphocytes identify foreign substances and germs (bacteria or viruses) in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them |
monocytes | are formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and the spleen. Through phagocytosis, monocytes provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms |
thrombocytes | which are also known as platelets, are the smallest formed elements of the blood. They play an important role in the clotting of blood (thromb/o means clot, and -cytes means cells). In When a blood vessel is damaged, the thrombocytes are activated and become sticky. In This action causes the thrombocytes to clump together to form a clot to stop the bleeding |
antigen | any substance the body regards as foreign |
Ischemic | means | pertaining to the disruption of the blood supply. |
ischemia | is a condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to a restricted blood flow to a part of the body |
Angina | is a condition in which severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium. These episodes are due to ischemia of the heart muscle and often progressively worsen as the blood flow continues to be compromised, until a myocardial infarction occurs. |
infarction | sudden insufficnecy of blood |
occlusion | total blockage |
dilated | expansion of a hollow structure |
arrhythmia | is the loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat. This can be a minor, temporary episode, or it can be a fatal event. The severity of this episode depends on how much the heart’s ability to pump blood is compromised. Rather than being an abnormality in the heart muscle, arrhythmias are usually caused by an abnormality in the electrical conduction system of the heart. |
paroxysmal | sudden occurence |
perfusion | the flow of blood through the vessels | of an organ |
embol | something inserted |
cholesterol | is a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body. It aids in the production of cell membranes, some hormones, and vitamin D. Some cholesterol comes from dietary sources, and some is created by the liver. Excessively high levels of certain types of cholesterol can lead to heart disease |
plast | growth |
-lytic | destroy |