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Medical Terminology Body Organization and Directional Terms Part 2

Anatomy and Physiology25 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key medical terminology related to body organization and directional terms, providing definitions and examples for each term.

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Define: lateral

Referring to a position or direction toward the side of the body, away from the midline. The injury was located on the lateral aspect of the knee.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: lateral
Referring to a position or direction toward the side of the body, away from the midline. The injury was located on the lateral aspect of the knee.
Define: intermediate
Located between two structures or points; not medial or lateral. The intermediate layer of tissue provides support between the outer and inner layers.
Define: proximal
A term used to describe a position closer to the point of attachment or origin of a limb or structure. The elbow is proximal to the wrist.
Define: distal
Referring to a position further away from the point of attachment or origin of a limb or structure. The toes are distal to the ankle.
Define: superficial (external)
Describing a structure located near the surface of the body or an organ. The superficial layers of skin protect the underlying tissues.
Define: deep (internal)
Referring to a position further away from the surface of the body or an organ. The deep muscles are essential for core stability.
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Medical Terminology Body Organization and Directional Terms Part 2
TermDefinition
Define: lateral
Referring to a position or direction toward the side of the body, away from the midline. The injury was located on the lateral aspect of the knee.
Define: intermediate
Located between two structures or points; not medial or lateral. The intermediate layer of tissue provides support between the outer and inner layers.
Define: proximal
A term used to describe a position closer to the point of attachment or origin of a limb or structure. The elbow is proximal to the wrist.
Define: distal
Referring to a position further away from the point of attachment or origin of a limb or structure. The toes are distal to the ankle.
Define: superficial (external)
Describing a structure located near the surface of the body or an organ. The superficial layers of skin protect the underlying tissues.
Define: deep (internal)
Referring to a position further away from the surface of the body or an organ. The deep muscles are essential for core stability.
Define: ipsilateral
Referring to structures located on the same side of the body. The injury affected the ipsilateral arm and leg.
Define: contralateral
Referring to structures located on opposite sides of the body. The patient experienced pain in the contralateral knee after the fall.
Define: cephalad
A directional term meaning toward the head or upper part of the body. The doctor examined the cephalad region for any abnormalities.
Define: caudad
A directional term meaning toward the tail or lower part of the body. The incision was made caudad to the umbilicus.
Define: dorsal
Referring to the back or posterior side of the body or an organ. The dorsal fin of the fish is crucial for stability in the water.
Define: ventral
Referring to the front or anterior side of the body or an organ. The ventral surface of the abdomen is often examined during physical assessments.
Define: radial
Pertaining to the radius bone or the lateral side of the forearm. The radial pulse is commonly checked at the wrist.
Define: ulnar
Pertaining to the ulna bone or the medial side of the forearm. The injury was located on the ulnar side of the wrist.
Define: palmar (volar)
Referring to the palm of the hand. The surgeon made an incision on the palmar side of the hand.
Define: plantar
Referring to the sole of the foot. The doctor examined the plantar surface for any signs of injury.
Define: atom
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. An atom of oxygen combines with two hydrogen atoms to form water.
Define: molecule
A group of two or more atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound. A molecule of glucose is essential for energy production in cells.
Define: organelle
Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions. The mitochondria are known as the organelle responsible for energy production.
Define: cell
The basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms. Each cell in the body has a specific function that contributes to overall health.
Define: tissue
A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. Muscle tissue is responsible for movement in the body.
Define: organ
A structure composed of different types of tissues that work together to perform specific functions. The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
Define: organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform complex functions for the body. The respiratory organ system is vital for gas exchange.
Define: organism
Any individual living entity that can function independently, such as a plant, animal, or microbe. Every organism has unique adaptations to survive in its environment.
Define: Homeostasis
The process by which a stable internal environment is maintained in the body despite changes in external conditions. The body regulates temperature to achieve homeostasis during exercise.