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Medical Terminology: Integumentary System Part 4

Anatomy and Physiology25 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms and definitions related to the integumentary system, focusing on various skin conditions, lesions, and medical procedures.

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Define: basal cell carcinoma

The most common type of skin cancer, arising from basal cells in the epidermis, often appearing as a pearly bump or sore that doesn't heal. Basal cell carcinoma is generally slow-growing and rarely metastasizes.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: basal cell carcinoma
The most common type of skin cancer, arising from basal cells in the epidermis, often appearing as a pearly bump or sore that doesn't heal. Basal cell...
Define: squamous cell carcinoma
A type of skin cancer that arises from squamous cells in the epidermis, often appearing as a firm, red nodule or a flat sore. Squamous cell carcinoma ...
Define: melanoma
A serious form of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, characterized by changes in moles or new pigmented lesions. Melanoma is the most dangero...
Define: actinic keratosis
A rough, scaly patch on sun-exposed skin, considered a precancerous condition that may develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis should ...
Define: pruritus (itching)
An unpleasant sensation on the skin that causes the urge to scratch, often associated with various skin conditions. Pruritus can be a symptom of eczem...
Define: erythema (redness)
Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow to the area, often due to inflammation or irritation. Erythema can occur after sunburn or an allerg...
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Medical Terminology: Integumentary System Part 4
TermDefinition
Define: basal cell carcinoma
The most common type of skin cancer, arising from basal cells in the epidermis, often appearing as a pearly bump or sore that doesn't heal. Basal cell carcinoma is generally slow-growing and rarely metastasizes.
Define: squamous cell carcinoma
A type of skin cancer that arises from squamous cells in the epidermis, often appearing as a firm, red nodule or a flat sore. Squamous cell carcinoma can spread if not treated early.
Define: melanoma
A serious form of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, characterized by changes in moles or new pigmented lesions. Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer due to its potential to spread rapidly.
Define: actinic keratosis
A rough, scaly patch on sun-exposed skin, considered a precancerous condition that may develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis should be monitored and treated to prevent skin cancer.
Define: pruritus (itching)
An unpleasant sensation on the skin that causes the urge to scratch, often associated with various skin conditions. Pruritus can be a symptom of eczema, allergies, or infections.
Define: erythema (redness)
Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow to the area, often due to inflammation or irritation. Erythema can occur after sunburn or an allergic reaction.
Define: edema (swelling)
The accumulation of fluid in the tissues, leading to swelling, which can occur in response to injury or inflammation. Edema can be localized or generalized, depending on the underlying cause.
Define: macule
A flat, distinct, discolored area of skin that is usually less than 1 centimeter in diameter. A macule may indicate a skin condition or be a normal variant.
Define: papule
A small, raised bump on the skin, typically less than 1 centimeter in diameter, often red or inflamed. Papules can be a sign of acne, eczema, or other skin conditions.
Define: plaque
A raised, flat area of skin that is typically larger than 1 centimeter, often seen in conditions like psoriasis. Plaques can be itchy and may vary in color and texture.
Define: nodule
A solid, raised mass in the skin that is larger than a papule, often deeper and may be felt under the skin. A nodule can indicate a variety of conditions, including cysts or tumors.
Define: vesicle
A small, fluid-filled blister on the skin, usually less than 1 centimeter in diameter. Vesicles can be caused by infections, allergic reactions, or friction.
Define: bulla
A large fluid-filled blister greater than 1 centimeter in diameter. A bulla may occur due to burns, insect bites, or certain skin conditions.
Define: pustule
A small, raised bump on the skin filled with pus, often associated with infections or inflammatory conditions. Pustules are commonly seen in acne and other skin infections.
Define: cyst
A closed sac-like structure beneath the skin that can be filled with fluid, pus, or other material. A cyst can vary in size and may need to be drained if it becomes infected.
Define: crust (scab)
A hard outer layer formed by dried blood, pus, or serum on the surface of a wound or lesion. A crust protects the underlying tissue as it heals.
Define: scale
A thin flake or layer of skin that often results from dryness or shedding of the outer layer. Scales can be a sign of skin conditions like psoriasis or eczema.
Define: fissure
A narrow, linear crack or break in the skin, often painful and prone to infection. A fissure can occur in areas of high friction, such as the hands or feet.
Define: ulcer
A sore on the skin or mucous membrane that fails to heal, often resulting from underlying disease or injury. Ulcers can be chronic and require medical evaluation for treatment.
Define: lichenification
Thickened, leathery skin that develops from chronic scratching or irritation, often seen in eczema. Lichenification indicates a prolonged inflammatory response in the skin.
Define: excoriation
The act of scratching or scraping the skin, often leading to damage or injury. Excoriation can result from conditions such as pruritus or anxiety.
Define: petechiae
Small, pinpoint red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin. Petechiae can indicate a variety of medical conditions, including clotting disorders.
Define: purpura
Larger purple or red spots on the skin caused by bleeding into the skin, often due to blood vessel damage. Purpura can be a sign of serious underlying conditions and requires further investigation.
Define: ecchymosis (bruising)
A discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath due to trauma or injury. Ecchymosis can vary in color as it heals, transitioning from purple to yellow.
Define: biopsy
A medical procedure that involves removing a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope to diagnose disease. A biopsy is often performed to evaluate suspicious skin lesions.