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Medical Terminology: Reproductive System Part 2

Anatomy and Physiology20 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms and concepts related to the male reproductive system, including anatomical structures and their functions.

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Define: Testes

Male reproductive organs that produce sperm and hormones, primarily testosterone. The testes are located in the scrotum to maintain a temperature lower than the body for sperm production.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: Testes
Male reproductive organs that produce sperm and hormones, primarily testosterone. The testes are located in the scrotum to maintain a temperature lowe...
Define: Epididymis
A coiled tube located at the back of each testis where sperm mature and are stored. Sperm gain motility while they are in the epididymis.
Define: Vas deferens
The duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. The vas deferens is cut during a vasectomy to prevent sperm from entering ...
Define: Seminal vesicles
Glands that produce a fluid that nourishes and helps transport sperm during ejaculation. The fluid from the seminal vesicles makes up a significant po...
Define: Prostate gland
A gland that surrounds the urethra and produces a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm during ejaculation. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uri...
Define: Bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands)
Glands located near the base of the penis that secrete a pre-ejaculatory fluid to lubricate the urethra. The fluid from the bulbourethral glands helps...
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Medical Terminology: Reproductive System Part 2
TermDefinition
Define: Testes
Male reproductive organs that produce sperm and hormones, primarily testosterone. The testes are located in the scrotum to maintain a temperature lower than the body for sperm production.
Define: Epididymis
A coiled tube located at the back of each testis where sperm mature and are stored. Sperm gain motility while they are in the epididymis.
Define: Vas deferens
The duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. The vas deferens is cut during a vasectomy to prevent sperm from entering the semen.
Define: Seminal vesicles
Glands that produce a fluid that nourishes and helps transport sperm during ejaculation. The fluid from the seminal vesicles makes up a significant portion of semen.
Define: Prostate gland
A gland that surrounds the urethra and produces a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm during ejaculation. An enlarged prostate gland can cause urinary difficulties in older men.
Define: Bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands)
Glands located near the base of the penis that secrete a pre-ejaculatory fluid to lubricate the urethra. The fluid from the bulbourethral glands helps neutralize acidity in the urethra.
Define: Urethra
The duct that carries urine from the bladder and semen from the reproductive tract to the outside of the body. The urethra serves dual functions in males and females.
Define: Penis
The male external reproductive organ that delivers sperm to the female reproductive tract. The penis is also involved in the excretion of urine.
Define: Glans penis
The sensitive tip of the penis, often covered by the foreskin in uncircumcised males. The glans penis is highly sensitive and plays a significant role in sexual arousal.
Define: Scrotum
The pouch of skin that contains and protects the testes, helping to regulate their temperature. The scrotum helps keep the testes at an optimal temperature for sperm production.
Define: Spermatic cord
A bundle of blood vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens that connects the testes to the abdomen. The spermatic cord carries sperm from the testes to the ejaculatory duct.
Define: Seminiferous tubules
Tiny tubules within the testes where sperm production (spermatogenesis) occurs. The seminiferous tubules are essential for male fertility.
Define: Leydig cells
Cells located in the testes that produce testosterone and other hormones. The Leydig cells play a crucial role in male sexual development.
Define: Sertoli cells
Cells in the seminiferous tubules that support and nourish developing sperm cells. The Sertoli cells are vital for the maturation of sperm.
Define: Prepuce (foreskin)
The fold of skin that covers the glans penis in males, which can be removed by circumcision. The prepuce protects the sensitive glans penis.
Define: Ejaculatory duct
The duct that carries sperm from the vas deferens and fluid from the seminal vesicles to the urethra. The ejaculatory duct is where sperm and seminal fluid mix before ejaculation.
Define: Tunica albuginea
A tough fibrous layer surrounding the testes and the ovaries that provides protection and structure. The tunica albuginea helps maintain the shape of the testes.
Define: Dartos muscle
A layer of smooth muscle within the scrotum that helps regulate the temperature of the testes by contracting or relaxing. The dartos muscle contracts when it is cold to reduce heat loss.
Define: Cremaster muscle
A muscle that surrounds the spermatic cord and testes, helping to elevate them during arousal or cold temperatures. The cremaster muscle plays a role in temperature regulation of the testes.
Define: Gametes
Reproductive cells (sperm in males and eggs in females) that unite during fertilization to form a zygote. The fusion of male and female gametes is essential for reproduction.