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Medical Terminology: Reproductive System Part 3

Anatomy and Physiology20 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms and processes related to the reproductive system, including stages of the menstrual cycle, reproductive development, and hormonal influences.

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Define: Oogenesis

The process of egg (ova) development in females that occurs within the ovaries. Oogenesis involves several stages of maturation before a mature egg is released.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: Oogenesis
The process of egg (ova) development in females that occurs within the ovaries. Oogenesis involves several stages of maturation before a mature egg is...
Define: Spermatogenesis
The process of sperm cell development in the testes, resulting in the production of mature sperm. Spermatogenesis occurs continuously throughout a mal...
Define: Ovulation
The release of a mature egg from the ovary, typically occurring midway through the menstrual cycle. Ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing h...
Define: Menstrual cycle
A monthly cycle in females involving the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, which includes menstruation if fertilization does not occur. The men...
Define: Follicular phase
The first half of the menstrual cycle, during which the follicles in the ovaries mature in response to hormonal changes. The follicular phase ends wit...
Define: Luteal phase
The second half of the menstrual cycle following ovulation, characterized by the presence of the corpus luteum which secretes hormones. The luteal pha...
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Medical Terminology: Reproductive System Part 3
TermDefinition
Define: Oogenesis
The process of egg (ova) development in females that occurs within the ovaries. Oogenesis involves several stages of maturation before a mature egg is released.
Define: Spermatogenesis
The process of sperm cell development in the testes, resulting in the production of mature sperm. Spermatogenesis occurs continuously throughout a male's reproductive life.
Define: Ovulation
The release of a mature egg from the ovary, typically occurring midway through the menstrual cycle. Ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH).
Define: Menstrual cycle
A monthly cycle in females involving the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, which includes menstruation if fertilization does not occur. The menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 days but can vary among individuals.
Define: Follicular phase
The first half of the menstrual cycle, during which the follicles in the ovaries mature in response to hormonal changes. The follicular phase ends with ovulation.
Define: Luteal phase
The second half of the menstrual cycle following ovulation, characterized by the presence of the corpus luteum which secretes hormones. The luteal phase is important for preparing the uterus for potential implantation.
Define: Menstruation
The shedding of the uterine lining when pregnancy does not occur, resulting in vaginal bleeding. Menstruation typically lasts between 3 to 7 days.
Define: Fertilization
The union of a sperm cell and an egg cell, resulting in the formation of a zygote. Fertilization usually occurs in the fallopian tubes.
Define: Implantation
The process by which a fertilized egg attaches itself to the lining of the uterus. Successful implantation is crucial for the continuation of pregnancy.
Define: Embryogenesis
The process of development of the embryo from the fertilization of the egg until the end of the eighth week of pregnancy. Embryogenesis involves rapid cell division and differentiation.
Define: Gestation
The period of development of an embryo or fetus in the uterus from conception to birth. Gestation in humans typically lasts about 40 weeks.
Define: Lactation
The process of producing and secreting milk from the mammary glands to feed an infant. Lactation is stimulated by the hormone prolactin after childbirth.
Define: Puberty
The developmental stage during which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. Puberty typically begins between ages 9 and 14 in girls and 10 and 15 in boys.
Define: Menopause
The time in a woman's life when menstrual periods permanently cease, marking the end of reproductive capability. Menopause usually occurs between ages 45 and 55.
Define: Andropause
A gradual decline in testosterone levels in aging men, often associated with physical and emotional changes. Andropause can lead to symptoms like fatigue and decreased libido.
Define: Libido
The desire or drive for sexual activity, influenced by various physical and psychological factors. Libido can fluctuate based on stress, hormonal changes, and relationship factors.
Define: Erection
The process by which the penis becomes firm, engorged, and enlarged due to increased blood flow. Erection is a physiological response often associated with sexual arousal.
Define: Ejaculation
The release of semen from the male reproductive tract during sexual climax. Ejaculation typically occurs at the peak of sexual activity.
Define: Orgasm
The peak of sexual excitement, characterized by intense pleasure and the release of sexual tension. Orgasm involves a series of physiological changes and is often accompanied by ejaculation in males.
Define: Estrogen
A group of hormones primarily responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. Estrogen levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle and influence many bodily functions.