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Medical Terminology: Skeletal System Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology25 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This deck covers key terms related to the skeletal system, focusing on the bones of the human body. Each flashcard provides a definition and context for understanding the function and location of various bones.

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Define: Cranium

The part of the skull that encloses the brain and supports the structures of the face. The neurosurgeon carefully examined the cranium for any signs of fractures.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: Cranium
The part of the skull that encloses the brain and supports the structures of the face. The neurosurgeon carefully examined the cranium for any signs o...
Define: Mandible
The lower jawbone, which is the largest and strongest bone in the face and holds the lower teeth. She had a dental procedure to correct the alignment ...
Define: Maxilla
The upper jawbone that forms the central part of the facial skeleton and holds the upper teeth. The orthodontist noted that the maxilla was slightly m...
Define: Zygomatic Bone
The bone that forms the prominent part of the cheek and the outer edge of the eye socket. He sustained an injury to his zygomatic bone during the game...
Define: Nasal Bone
Two small, rectangular bones that form the bridge of the nose. The doctor confirmed that the nasal bones were intact after the accident.
Define: Hyoid Bone
A U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue and is not directly attached to other bones. The pathologist examined the hyoid bone for signs of...
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Medical Terminology: Skeletal System Part 1
TermDefinition
Define: Cranium
The part of the skull that encloses the brain and supports the structures of the face. The neurosurgeon carefully examined the cranium for any signs of fractures.
Define: Mandible
The lower jawbone, which is the largest and strongest bone in the face and holds the lower teeth. She had a dental procedure to correct the alignment of her mandible.
Define: Maxilla
The upper jawbone that forms the central part of the facial skeleton and holds the upper teeth. The orthodontist noted that the maxilla was slightly misaligned.
Define: Zygomatic Bone
The bone that forms the prominent part of the cheek and the outer edge of the eye socket. He sustained an injury to his zygomatic bone during the game.
Define: Nasal Bone
Two small, rectangular bones that form the bridge of the nose. The doctor confirmed that the nasal bones were intact after the accident.
Define: Hyoid Bone
A U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue and is not directly attached to other bones. The pathologist examined the hyoid bone for signs of trauma.
Define: Clavicle
Also known as the collarbone, it connects the arm to the body and sits above the first rib. He fractured his clavicle in a cycling accident.
Define: Scapula
The shoulder blade that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle. The athlete experienced pain in her scapula after the workout.
Define: Sternum
The flat bone located in the center of the chest, also known as the breastbone, which connects the ribs. The doctor pressed on the patient’s sternum to assess for tenderness.
Define: Ribs
The long, curved bones that form the rib cage, protecting the thoracic cavity and its organs. He suffered a fracture in one of his ribs after the fall.
Define: Humerus
The long bone in the upper arm that extends from the shoulder to the elbow. The x-ray revealed a break in the humerus.
Define: Radius
One of the two long bones in the forearm, located on the thumb side when the palm is facing up. She sprained her radius during the gymnastics routine.
Define: Ulna
The second of the two long bones in the forearm, located on the opposite side of the radius. The fracture was found in the ulna after the injury.
Define: Carpals
The eight small bones that make up the wrist, allowing for a wide range of motion. The doctor examined the carpals for any signs of arthritis.
Define: Metacarpals
The five bones in the hand that connect the wrist to the fingers. She fractured one of her metacarpals while playing basketball.
Define: Phalanges (Fingers/Toes)
The bones of the fingers and toes, with each finger having three phalanges and the thumb having two. He injured his phalanges while practicing the piano.
Define: Vertebrae
The series of small bones that form the vertebral column (spine) and protect the spinal cord. The MRI showed degeneration of the vertebrae in her lower back.
Define: Cervical Vertebrae
The seven vertebrae in the neck region of the spine, labeled C1 to C7. The chiropractor adjusted her cervical vertebrae to relieve neck pain.
Define: Thoracic Vertebrae
The twelve vertebrae in the upper and mid-back, labeled T1 to T12, to which the ribs are attached. The x-ray showed alignment issues in the thoracic vertebrae.
Define: Lumbar Vertebrae
The five larger vertebrae in the lower back, labeled L1 to L5, which support much of the body’s weight. She experienced pain in her lumbar vertebrae after lifting heavy boxes.
Define: Sacrum
A triangular bone at the base of the spine, formed by the fusion of five vertebrae, connecting to the pelvis. The injury affected her sacrum, causing significant discomfort.
Define: Coccyx
Also known as the tailbone, it is a small, triangular bone at the very base of the vertebral column. She experienced pain in her coccyx after a fall.
Define: Pelvis (Hip Bone)
The bony structure at the base of the spine that connects the trunk to the lower limbs. The doctor assessed the pelvis for any fractures after the accident.
Define: Ilium
The largest and uppermost part of the pelvis, forming the hip bone. The fracture was located in the ilium.
Define: Ischium
The lower and back part of the hip bone, which supports the weight of the body when sitting. He felt pain in his ischium after sitting for a long time.