StudyXY
RegisterLog in
Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /NASM: Chapter 7 - Human Movement Science Part 1

NASM: Chapter 7 - Human Movement Science Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology30 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key concepts and definitions from Chapter 7 of NASM, focusing on human movement science, including biomechanics, anatomical positions, and joint motions.

PrintEmbedImportReport

Define biomechanics.

The study of applying laws of mechanics and physics to determine how forces affect human movement and to better predict performance in athletic events.

Biomechanics is concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces.

Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
1/30

Key Terms

Term
Definition

Define biomechanics.

The study of applying laws of mechanics and physics to determine how forces affect human movement and to better predict performance in athletic eve...

Define superior.
Positioned above a point of reference.
Define inferior.
Positioned below a point of reference.
Define proximal.
Positioned nearest the center of the body, or point of reference.
Define distal.
Positioned farthest from the center of the body, or point of reference.
Define anterior (or ventral).
On the front of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).
Log in to view all terms

Related Flashcard Decks

Anatomy and Physiology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - Recovery, Altitude and Heat

These flashcards explain key concepts related to oxygen use during and after exercise, including EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption), oxygen deficit, and the two stages of recovery. They highlight how the body restores itself to a pre-exercise state and compensates for oxygen demands during physical activity.

42 cards
View Deck
Anatomy and Physiology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - Cardiovascular & Respiratory System Part 2

This flashcard set covers fundamental concepts in cardiovascular and respiratory physiology, including vasodilation, pre-capillary sphincter function, the effect of temperature on venous return and cardiac output, and the active or passive nature of inspiration and expiration at rest and during exercise.

35 cards
View Deck
Anatomy and Physiology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): Cardiovascular & Respiratory System Part 1

This deck covers key concepts related to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, including definitions, pathways, and physiological processes.

35 cards
View Deck
Anatomy and Physiology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - The Muscular System Part 2

This flashcard set lists the primary agonist muscles responsible for key movements at the knee and ankle joints: biceps femoris for knee flexion, rectus femoris for knee extension, gastrocnemius and soleus for ankle plantarflexion, and tibialis anterior for ankle dorsiflexion.

34 cards
View Deck
Anatomy and Physiology

A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - The Muscular System Part 1

This deck covers key concepts and definitions related to the muscular system, including types of muscle contractions, movements, and the muscles involved in specific joint actions.

35 cards
View Deck
Anatomy and Physiology

3MB Psychiatry: Neurobiology of Cognition

This flashcard set outlines the key functions of the frontal lobe, including movement, executive function, personality, and language. It also describes specific clinical tests for frontal lobe function, such as verbal fluency and the Luria step test.

20 cards
View Deck

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
NASM: Chapter 7 - Human Movement Science Part 1
TermDefinition

Define biomechanics.

The study of applying laws of mechanics and physics to determine how forces affect human movement and to better predict performance in athletic events.

Biomechanics is concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces.

Define superior.
Positioned above a point of reference.
Define inferior.
Positioned below a point of reference.
Define proximal.
Positioned nearest the center of the body, or point of reference.
Define distal.
Positioned farthest from the center of the body, or point of reference.
Define anterior (or ventral).
On the front of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).
Define posterior (or dorsal).
On the back of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).
Define medial.
Positioned near the middle of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).
Define lateral.
Positioned toward the outside of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).
Define contralateral.
Positioned on the opposite side of the body.
Define joint motion.
Movement in a plane occurs on an axis running perpendicular to the plane.

What are the three imaginary planes the body is divided into?

  1. Sagittal Plane

  2. Frontal Plane

  3. Transverse Plane

Define the anatomic position.
The position with the body erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward. The anatomic position is of importance in anatomy because it is the position of reference for anatomic nomenclature. Anatomic terms such as anterior and posteriod, medial and lateral, and abduction and adduction apply to the body when it is in the anatomic position.

Define the sagittal plane.

  • An imaginary bisector that divides the body into left and right halves.

  • Occurs around Coronal Axis

  • Movement: flexion and extension.

  • Examples of predominately Sagittal Plane Movements:

    • bicep curls, triceps pushdowns, squats, front lunges, calf raises, walking, running, vertical jump, climbing stairs, shooting a basketball.

Define flexion.
A bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases.
Define extension.
A straightening movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments increases.
Define hyperextension.
Extension of a joint beyond normal limit or range of motion.

Define the frontal plane.

  • An imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back halves.

  • Occurs around an anterior-posterior axis

  • Movements: abduction and adduction

  • Examples of predominately Frontal Plane Movements:

    • side lateral raises, side lunges, side shuffling

Define abduction.

  • A movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).

  • An increase in the angle between two adjoining segments, but the frontal plane

  • Example: side bend (lateral flexion of spine) away from midline

Define adduction.

  • Movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body (usually point of reference is anatomic position).

  • A decrease in the angle between two adjoining segments, but in the frontal plane.

  • Example: Shoulder adduction (moves hand from above head back down to side next to hip)

Define transverse plane.

-An imaginary bisector that divides the body into top and bottom halves.
-Occurs around a longitudinal or vertical axis
-Movements: internal and external rotation (of limbs), right and left rotation (head and trunk), horizontal abduction and adduction of the limbs, radioulnar (forearm) pronation and supination.
Examples of predominately transverse plane movements:
Cable trunk rotations, dumbbell chest fly, throwing a ball, throwing a frisbee, and swinging a bat.

Define internal rotation.
Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body.
Define external rotation.
Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body.
Define horizontal abduction.
Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from an anterior position to a lateral position.
Define horizontal adduction.
Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from a lateral position to an anterior position.

What are the primary scapular movements?

  1. Retraction (adduction)

  2. Protraction (abduction)

  3. Elevation

  4. Depression

Define scapular retraction.
Adduction of scapula; shoulder blades move toward the midline (closer together).
Define scapular protraction.
Abduction of scapula; shoulder blades move away from the midline (away from each other).
Define scapular depression.
Downward (inferior) motion of the scapula (shoulder blades move downwards).
Define scapular elevation.
Upward (and superior) motion of the scapula (shoulder blades move upwards towards the ears).