Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /OCR Biology A - 2.1.5 - Biological Membranes Part 1

OCR Biology A - 2.1.5 - Biological Membranes Part 1

Anatomy and Physiology20 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key concepts related to biological membranes, including phospholipid structure, cell membrane components, and the functions of various molecules within the membrane.

Phospholipid structure

A glycerol molecule Two fatty acid tails (saturated and unsaturated) Phosphate group
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Phospholipid structure
A glycerol molecule Two fatty acid tails (saturated and unsaturated) Phosphate group
Properties of phospholipid
Phosphate group is polar —> hydrophilic Fatty acid tails are non polar —> hydrophobic (Amphipathic)
Why does soap dissolve the membrane easily
Membranes are made from lipids
What is selective permeability
When what goes in and out of the cell is regulated by only letting certain things in and out
Major molecules in cell membranes
Phospholipids Proteins
Amphipathic
The molecule has dual nature (hydrophobic and hydrophilic)

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TermDefinition
Phospholipid structure
A glycerol molecule Two fatty acid tails (saturated and unsaturated) Phosphate group
Properties of phospholipid
Phosphate group is polar —> hydrophilic Fatty acid tails are non polar —> hydrophobic (Amphipathic)
Why does soap dissolve the membrane easily
Membranes are made from lipids
What is selective permeability
When what goes in and out of the cell is regulated by only letting certain things in and out
Major molecules in cell membranes
Phospholipids Proteins
Amphipathic
The molecule has dual nature (hydrophobic and hydrophilic)
What roles do proteins play in transport
Regulation
What kinds of cells have cell walls
Plant Bacterial Fungal
What are glycoproteins made from
Proteins Sugars
Example of a glycoprotein
Antibodies - important in immune response
What are glycolipids made of
Fats Sugars
Why can’t water pass through the phospholipids
The inside is non polar
How do proteins assist in transport
Allow big things and things that have a charge to move across the membrane
What is a plant cell wall made of
Cellulose
What is a bacteria cell wall made from
Peptidoglycan
What is a fungal cell wall made from
Chitin
Function of chlolesterol in cell membranes
Regulates fluidity of membrane by keeping phospholipids slightly apart or pulling them closer Hydrophilic ends interact w/ heads and hydrophobic end interacts w/ tails; pulls them together Prevent phospholipids from grouping together too closely and crytsallising
Function of glycoprotein in cell membrane
Cell adhesion - binding site for hormones and drugs Cell signalling to coordinate activities of organisms Antigens for the recognition of ‘self’ Acts as receptor
Function of glycolipid
Form cell markers/ antigens
Function of carbohydrates in cell membrane
Hydrophilic molecules that sit on the cell surface membrane and attracts water with dissolved solutes