Psychosocial: COMS TEST: Relevant Medical Information

pyramid shaped cavity in the skull, lined by 7 orbital bones; contains the eyeball plus its muscles, blood supply, nerves & fat. It protects the eye organ and expands as the organism grows.

mucus membrane covering the outer surface of the eyeball & inner surface of lid - not the cornea. Maintains moisture and limited protection

protective outer layer of the eye; contains collagen & elastic fibers; protect outer layer of the eye.

Window of the eye; covers iris, pupil & interior chambers

Color tissue behind cornea; controls amount of light entering the eye and separates anterior & posterior chambers

smooth muscle portion; responsible for relaxation, allowing lens to focus on near objects

vascule layet of the eye between retina & sclera; provides nourishment to outer layers of retina; forms part of uvea along with iris & cilieary body.

light-sensitive nerve tissue that converts images from the eye’s optical system into electrical impulses which are sent to the optic nerve and on to the brain.

bi-convex intra-ocular tissue that brings rays of light to focus on the retina. Located at the posterior chamber

second cranial nerve; largest sensory nerve of the eye; carries impulses from retina to brain

“X” shaped part from the retina to the brain nerve chain

rear part of each cerebral hemisphere; responsible for vision & perception

contain vision-conducting pathways to the occipital lobes, in charge of the hearing

upper mid part of each cerebral hemisphere in the brain; responsible for body sensation. Processes sensory information that had to do with taste, temperature, and touch

central acuity loss; travel vision is intact. Degeneration of retinal cones, it affects the macula, central field loss, dificultad con near task- reading, cocer y ver la cara de alguien

Decreasing peripheral vision; may result in tunnel vision or complete blindness if the macula becomes involved- bumpinginto object and people, night time blindness, glare is a problem

Destructive optical changes as a result of either prolonged oxygen therapy or delayed development of the organ
4. Increased ocular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve & retinal nerve fibers
affects peripheral vision, glare, reduce vision

Increased ocular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve & retinal nerve fibers

Progressive retinal changes & growth of abnormal blood vessels; side effect of diabetes- central visual loss, blurry vision, fluctuating vision, floters or spots

Retina seems unaffected; lack of oxygen to the brain. cortical pathway & visual processing center of the brain is compromised in some way. uses peripheral rather than central, neorological problem nor sight

congenital abnormality; optic disc is small, sometimes surrounded with a halo; vision my or may not be reduced

progressive retinal degeneration in both eyes; night blindness in childhood followed by loss of peripheral vision to finally blindness; hereditary

degeneration of retinal receptors results in loss of color and central vision. the 3 C - clarity, color and contrast (you lose)

malignant Intraocular tumor that develops from retinal & visual cells; hereditary-affects peripheral fields

focus with the eye is not brought directly to the retina. nearsighted, farsighed

Both eyes

Right eye

Left eye

graph used to report hearing threshhold at different frequencies

loudness of sound

Number of vibrations that occur at the same rate over the same period of time

Sound wave of vibrating cycle

measured in hertz

measure of intensity

left ear

right ear

Define the following terminology as it relates to an audiogram: the symbol "

left ear sensorineural or conductive

lesion or disease in the outer or inner ear. O&M needs to focus on use of hearing aids, use environmental sounds, move slower; low tone of traffic needs to be adjusted for.

disfunction within inner ear, generally the cochlear is the cause. O&M focus on recognition of environmental sound level data

result of both above problems ( conductive and sensorineural hearing loss). O&M focus should combine both methods of modification from each; augmented communication may be necessary. Steady decrease of both symbols on report

Get best ear focused on traffic; decrease likelihood of environmental clutter by picking time of day or specific intersections; useamplification equipment

Diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, cataratas

When developing an O&M program, the instructor should consider fluctuating vision; neuropathy flare-ups; glucose level indicators; medical plans, contact person

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Kaposi's Sarcoma, Uvetitis, Toxoplasmosis, Cryptococcal Meningitis, central nervous system infection, HIV retinopathy

Prevention of contamination; good hygiene, reschedule lessons if instructor has possible contagion, follow universal health precautions. Confirm all meetings, be flesible to present endurance level

seizures: record-keeping of events prior to episode (cognitive, emotional, medical, etc); Be prepared (know probable type, guidelines, contact, etc)

arthritis: Flexibility/adaptation to lesson; modify cane grip/composition

High blood pressure: cardiovascular endurance levels, more bathroom breaks - so shorter routes;

Heart condition: similar to blood pressure; know CPR, be aware of medical information

asthma: may vary with cold/warm weather, have prescribed inhaler available; remind to breathe thru mouth (scarf in winter)

A. Dizziness, fatigue, drowsy, light-headed, or decreased bllod flow to outer extremities (hypo); frequent urination, redness in face, headache, sudden irritation (hyper)

B. Have student sit in a reclined chair, stay with client, administer sugar-based product,

1. Seizures: limit strobe light effects & reflective geometric patterns, know side effects of medication and duration of spike/low. Insist on medi-alert bracelet

2. Allergic reactions: avoid allergy-prone areas or times of year, request epi-pen from family

3. Frequent aggressive behavior: maintain accurate records; schedule lessons to correspond to best working time; instructional time needs to be varied; consider goals/objectives & appropriate interventions

1. seizures: Clear the environment; loosen clothing; record information about precursors,event & post; if longer than a few minutes, call for assistance

falls: Ascertain severity, provide basic first aid, contact EMT as appropriate

emotional/behavioral incidents: record keeping of precursors and event; attempt redirection;

allergic reactions: record keeping, determine cause if possible, administer treatment if given permission & available, call EMT for severe reactions