Sensation and Perception: Chapter 9
This flashcard set covers key principles of color vision, including how multiple visual pigments enable wavelength discrimination, the opponent-process theory, and mechanisms like chromatic adaptation and color constancy. It also introduces concepts such as metamers and how variations in saturation, intensity, and wavelength produce a vast range of perceivable colors.
In order to distinguish between wavelengths independent of light intensity, one must have at least ______visual pigment(s).
two
Key Terms
In order to distinguish between wavelengths independent of light intensity, one must have at least ______visual pigment(s).
two
Which of the following is behavioral support for the “opponent-process theory”?
color afterimages
Uchikawa et al. demonstrated how _________ can explain why color constancy occurs.
chromatic adaptation
By changing _______, we can create about a million (or more) discriminable colors.
saturation, intensity, and wavelength
Two stimuli that are physically different, but are perceptually identical, are called
metamers
The trichromatic theory of color vision is also known as the _________ theory.
Young-Helmholtz
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
In order to distinguish between wavelengths independent of light intensity, one must have at least ______visual pigment(s). | two |
Which of the following is behavioral support for the “opponent-process theory”? | color afterimages |
Uchikawa et al. demonstrated how _________ can explain why color constancy occurs. | chromatic adaptation |
By changing _______, we can create about a million (or more) discriminable colors. | saturation, intensity, and wavelength |
Two stimuli that are physically different, but are perceptually identical, are called | metamers |
The trichromatic theory of color vision is also known as the _________ theory. | Young-Helmholtz |
Researcher Dorthea Jameson is quoted in the text as saying “A blue bird would not be mistaken for a goldfinch if it were brought indoors.” This supports the concept of | color constancy |
Cerebral achromatopsia is when a person | has normal cone functioning, but can not experience color due to a brain injury |
Which of the following was NOT an opponent mechanism proposed by Hering? | Blue (+); Green (-) |
Blue and yellow paints mixed together yield | green |
When light is mixed it is referred to as _______ | an additive color mixture |
The trichromatic theory of color vision states that color perception is due to | the pattern of activity in three different receptors |
Adding more white to a color changes the color’s | saturation |
Physiological evidence shows that deuteranopes do not have the _____ wavelength cone pigment. | long |
Which of the following is phenomenological support for the “opponent-process theory” of color vision? | color afterimages, visualizing color combinations, simultaneous color contrast |
| in the 1800s, based on behavioral evidence only |
The maximum absorption for the long-wavelength cone pigment is at ____ nm. | 531 |
The reflectance curve for a purple piece of paper would | reflect long and short wavelengths |
The neutral point for protonopes is approximately ___ nm. | 492 |
A monkey with good color vision | would have a better chance of surviving than a color-blind monkey |
| reflect long, medium and short wavelengths equally |
Newton’s quote of “The Rays …are not colored” means that | colors are created by our perceptual system |
Cerebral achromatopsia is when a person | has normal cone functioning, but can not experience color due to a brain injury |
The reflectance curve is a plot of the light reflected off a surface as a function of | wavelength |
If you look at a folded index card though a pinhole, you see the border as a(n) because the card looks _. | reflectance edge; flat |
A monochromat experiences | black, white, and grays |
Which of the following statements is TRUE about dichromatism? | Males are more likely to be dichromats than females |
Ikya looks at a white surface under sunlight conditions and she perceives it to be white. When she looks at the white surface under a tungsten light, it looks to her. | white |
Which of the following is a finding that demonstrates the phenomenon of memory color? | Participants perceive a 620-nm pattern as being “redder” if that pattern has the shape of a stop sign rather than a mushroom shape |