Back to AI Flashcard MakerAnatomy and Physiology /USMLE - GI Flashcards Part 2
USMLE - GI Flashcards Part 2
This deck covers key concepts related to gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology, focusing on ligaments, histology, and vascular supply relevant to the USMLE exam.
Hepatoduodenal Ligament Connects Structures Contained
Connects liver to duodenum | Contains portal triad
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
Hepatoduodenal Ligament Connects Structures Contained
Connects liver to duodenum | Contains portal triad
Portal Triad
Hepatic Artery, Portal Vein, Common Bile Duct
Omental Foramen Name What is it? What is inside of it?
Epiploic Foramen of Winslow Connects Greater and Lesser Sacs Hepatoduodenal Ligament is inside of it
Pringle Maneuver
Compression of Hepatoduodenal ligament in omental foramen to control bleeding
Gastrohepatic Ligament Connects? Structures contained? Separates? Surgery?
Connects Liver to lesser curvature of the Stomach Contains gastric arteries Separates greater and lesser sacs on the Right May be cut during surgery t...
Gastrocolic Ligament Connects? Structures contained? Part of?
Connects greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon Contains gastroepiploic arteries Part of greater omentum
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Hepatoduodenal Ligament Connects Structures Contained | Connects liver to duodenum | Contains portal triad |
Portal Triad | Hepatic Artery, Portal Vein, Common Bile Duct |
Omental Foramen Name What is it? What is inside of it? | Epiploic Foramen of Winslow Connects Greater and Lesser Sacs Hepatoduodenal Ligament is inside of it |
Pringle Maneuver | Compression of Hepatoduodenal ligament in omental foramen to control bleeding |
Gastrohepatic Ligament Connects? Structures contained? Separates? Surgery? | Connects Liver to lesser curvature of the Stomach Contains gastric arteries Separates greater and lesser sacs on the Right May be cut during surgery to access lesser sac |
Gastrocolic Ligament Connects? Structures contained? Part of? | Connects greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon Contains gastroepiploic arteries Part of greater omentum |
Gastrosplenic Ligament Connects? Structures contained? Function? | Connects greater curvature of stomach to the spleen Contains short gastrics and Left gastroepiploic vessels Separates greater and lesser sacs on the left |
Splenorenal Ligament Connects? Structures contained? | Connects Spleen to Posterior Abdominal Wall | Splenic artery and vein. Tail of pancreas |
Layers of Gut Wall | From Inside to Outside: "MSMS" | Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis Externa, Serosa (when intraperitoneal)/Adventitial (when retroperitoneal) |
Layers of Gut Mucosa and function of each layer | Epithelium (absorption), Lamina Propria (support), Muscularis Mucosa (motility) |
What is included inside the submucosa? | Submucosal Nerve Plexus (Meissner's) | Glands |
What is included inside the Muscularis externa? | Myenteric Nerve Plexus (Auerbach's) |
Ulcers extend into | submucosa, inner or outer muscular layers |
Erosions extend into | Mucosa only |
Frequency of basal electric rhythm? Stomach Duodenum Ileum | Stomach: 3 waves/min Duodenum: 12 waves/min Ileum: 8-9 waves/min |
Histology of the Esophagus | Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium |
Histology of the Stomach | Gastric Glands |
Histology of the Duodenum | Villi and Microvilli Brunner's Glands (in submucosa) Crypts of Lieberkuhn |
Histology of the Jejunum | Plicae Circulares | Crypts of Lieberkuhn |
Histology of the Ileum | Peyer's Patches (lamina propria, submucosa) Plicae Circulares (proximal ileum) Crypts of Lieberkuhn Largest # of goblet cells in SI |
Histology of the Colon | Crypts by no villi | Numerous goblet cells |
Branches of the abdominal Aorta that supply GI structures branch in which direction? | Anteriorly |
Branches of the abdominal Aorta that supply non-GI structures branch in which direction? | Laterally |
SMA Syndrome | Transverse portion (3rd part) of Duodenum entrapped between SMA and Aorta --> Intestinal Obstruction |
Level of Celiac Trunk | T12 |