Solution Manual for Human Physiology, 16th Edition

Solution Manual for Human Physiology, 16th Edition delivers clear and concise summaries of essential textbook content.

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1Fox:Human Physiology, 16thEditionChapter 1 Answers to In-chapter QuestionsTest Your Understanding13.Epithelial membranes can be simple (one cell deep) or stratified (many cells deep).Simple membranes providea barrier that allows selective transport from the externalenvironment to the tissues that underlie the epithelial membrane. Stratifiedmembranes providemore protection but not transport. Stratified squamous keratinizedepithelium of the skin provides the greatest degree of protection.14.Bone, blood, and the dermis are all connective tissues because they have abundantextracellular material. However, they differ on what material comprises the extracellularmaterial and regarding their cells. The extra cellular material of blood is thefluid andplasma. The dermis contains connective tissue fibers. Bone also has connective tissuefibers, but the extracellular matrix is calcified.15.A single negative feedback loop helps to maintainhomeostasis by counteractingchanges in one direction. For example, insulin helps to prevent blood glucose fromgetting too high. A different hormone counteracts too great a fall in blood glucose.When these two negative feedback mechanisms act antagonistically to each other, theyafford a finer degree of control in maintaining homeostasis.16.Insulin is secreted by the pancreatic islets in response to a rise in blood glucose above itsset point. The insulin then acts to lower the blood glucose by promoting the movementof glucose from the blood into tissue cells. As a result, the blood glucose is loweredback to the normal range. The lowering of blood glucose causes the pancreatic islets toreduce their secretion of insulin.17.In phase I clinical trials, the drug is tested on healthy human volunteers. In phase IIclinical trials,the drug is tested on the target population (those for whom the drug isintended). Phase III clinical trials involve a much larger and more diverse testpopulation. Phase IV tests other potential uses of the drug. However, before a drug everreaches clinical trials, its development and early testing require animal research.18.Claude Barnard proposed that the conditions within the body maintain constancydespite challenges to that constancy. This idea led to the concept of homeostasis andthe concept that physiological mechanisms exist to maintain that internal constancy.

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Subject

Anatomy and Physiology

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Human Physiology by Stuart Fox, Kri...

Solution Manual for Human Physiology, 16th Edition

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